Women Who Have Inspired Us
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Who am I?
#1
I used a method that greatly enhanced the density and contrast of photographic images by exposing the silver in the emulsion of a photographic negative to radiation, and then creating a second image by exposing a second emulsion to the radiation from the first one.I was named Inventor of the Year by the Association for the Advancement of Inventions and Innovations — the first woman to receive the honor. Even today my method is used in astronomy and medical x-rays.
#2
I have developed a powerful new method of gene editing that in a few short years has already revolutionized genetic engineering, and whose future contributions to medicine — therapy as well as basic research — are incalculable.The method is called “CRISPR/Cas9.” CRISPR stands for “clustered, regularly spaced, short palindromic repeats,” and is basically a region of the bacterial chromosome that acts as a spacer between different coding regions, or genes. Cas9 is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria the acts like scissors, cutting a chromosome at the CRISPR region. The discovery of this pair of structures and how they operate together has made it possible for the first time for scientists to contemplate “editing” genes virtually at will. And I am in the list of 50 people who deserve a Nobel Prize in 2017.
#3
I am the first woman to lead a major university in the Middle East and remained in the post of President until 2002. I study corrosion in various technological systems, including engine cooling systems, distillation units for crude oil, and high temperature geothermal brines.I also worked on the electrochemical behavior of a wide variety of metals and metal alloys, from aluminum to vanadium to cadmium to low-carbon steel. Moreover, I collaborated in the discovery of a new class of molybdenum-based catalysts, which can be used to enhance the octane rating of gasoline without the use of undesirable benzene by-products.
Answers
- Barbara Askins
- Jennifer A. Doudna
- Faiza Mohammed al-Kharafi